نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of economic stress scenarios on the financial solvency of insurance companies and to develop an accurate machine-learning-based predictive model. To this end, quarterly data on key macroeconomic indicators—including inflation rate, exchange rate, oil price, stock market index, gross domestic product (GDP) growth, and interest rate—were collected and combined with a set of financial indicators of insurance companies. To measure financial solvency, a composite index was constructed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the performance of several machine learning algorithms was evaluated. The Random Forest model was ultimately selected as the superior predictive model.
To analyze the response of financial solvency to economic fluctuations, five levels of economic shocks—Low, Medium, High, Severe, and Extreme—were defined, and Monte Carlo simulations were conducted for each shock level. The results indicate that inflation and exchange rate shocks exert the strongest negative effects on the solvency index, with the magnitude of solvency deterioration increasing as shock intensity rises. In contrast, the effect of the stock market index is nonlinear and varies across shock levels, while oil price, economic growth, and interest rate exhibit limited or near-zero impacts. The findings confirm that the financial structure of insurance companies is highly sensitive to macroeconomic fluctuations, and that the Random Forest algorithm serves as an effective tool for stress analysis and solvency prediction under adverse economic conditions.
These results can be utilized in the design of regulatory frameworks, assessment of financial resilience, and formulation of risk-hedging policies within the insurance industry.
کلیدواژهها English