دانش سرمایه‌گذاری

دانش سرمایه‌گذاری

ارائه مدل انتخاب پرتفوی بهینه چند هدفه مبتنی بر نظریه پشیمانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 داﻧﺸﺠﻮی دکتری،گروه مالی، دانشکده اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و علوم مالی، واﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، دانشگاه آزاد اﺳﻼمی، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان
2 اﺳﺘﺎدﯾﺎر، گروه دانشی مدیریت، واﺣﺪ تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان
3 اﺳﺘﺎدﯾﺎر، گروه حسابداری و مالی، واﺣﺪ بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرعباس، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه دانشی مدیریت، واﺣﺪ تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان
چکیده
اکثریت مدل‌های بهینه‌سازی پرتفوی معیارهای رفتاری سرمایه‌گذاران را در نظر نمی‌گیرند. در حالیکه تصمیم‌های سرمایه‌گذاری هر فردی تابعی از روحیات و شرایط ذهنی وی است. پشیمانی‌گریزی و میل به شادمانی از جمله مهم‌ترین این معیارها هستند. هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که با ایجاد یک رویکرد رفتاری مبتنی بر دو عامل پشیمانی‌گریزی و میل به شادمانی در تصمیمات سرمایه‌گذاری، مدلی را جهت بهینه‌سازی پرتفوی معرفی نماید که نسبت به مدل‌های سنتی، عملکرد بهتری داشته باشد. در این پژوهش با توسعه مدل 5 هدفه سنتی انتخاب پرتفوی با در نظر گرفتن پنج هدف بازدهی، واریانس، چولگی، کشیدگی و کارایی الگویی جدید ارائه گردید. سپس 15 سهم به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. از طریق اطلاعات نمونه پرتفوی بهینه تخمین زده شد و مورد آزمون برون نمونه‌ای قرار گرفت. در آزمون برون نمونه‌ای از معیار شارپ تعدیل شده با کشیدگی استفاده گردید. نتایج بدست آمده در پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد توجه به اهداف چولگی، کشیدگی و کارایی(عوامل بنیادی) علاوه بر اهداف بازدهی و واریانس پرتفوی و همچنین بازتعریف مطلوبیت اهداف مورد نظر سرمایه‌گذار بر اساس تابع مطلوبیت درک شده جهت در نظر گرفتن پشیمانی و شادمانی، می‌تواند باعث بهبود نتایج پرتفوی بهینه در خارج از نمونه شود. بنابراین توجه به معیارهای ذهنی و روانی افراد می‌تواند نتایج بدست آمده در پرتفوی بهینه را بهبود بخشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

A Multi-Objective Optimal Portfolio Selection Model Based on Regret Theory

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Bahrani 1
mahdi madanchi zaj 2
saeed moradpour 3
Mirfeiz Fallah Shams 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Economics and Finance, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Financial Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting and Finance, Bandarabbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandarabbas, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Financial Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Most portfolio optimization models overlook investors’ behavioral criteria, even though investment decisions are inherently shaped by individuals’ psychological dispositions and mental states. Among these behavioral factors, regret aversion and rejoice preference play particularly influential roles. The present study aims to introduce a portfolio optimization model that incorporates a behavioral framework based on these two factors, seeking to achieve superior performance compared to traditional models. To this end, the classical five-objective portfolio selection model—considering return, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and efficiency—was extended to develop a new behavioral approach. A sample of 15 stocks was selected, and the optimal portfolio was estimated using in-sample data and subsequently evaluated through an out-of-sample test. The out-of-sample performance was assessed using the modified Sharpe ratio adjusted for kurtosis. The findings indicate that incorporating skewness, kurtosis, and efficiency (fundamental factors), alongside return and variance, as well as redefining investor preferences through a perceived utility function that captures regret and happiness, can significantly enhance out-of-sample portfolio performance. Therefore, accounting for investors’ psychological and subjective criteria can meaningfully improve the outcomes of portfolio optimization.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Portfolio Optimization
Regret
Rejoice
Efficiency
Perceived Utility
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