Designing a model to management the strategic alliance of bank and fintech

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 PhD student, Department of Business Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Information Technology and Technology, Faculty of Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Business Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
10.30495/jik.2024.77886.4588
Abstract
Nowadays, due to the increasing acceptance of digital banking services by customers, creating and providing this type of service is considered as a competitive advantage. Banks do not have the required technologies and receive services from companies that have up-to-date financial technology. There are various strategies to receive these services, one of which is the strategic alliance of the bank and fintech. The problem that exists in between is how banks manage this alliance so that they can provide the best banking services to their customers through financial technology companies. This research was conducted with the aim of designing a management model for the strategic alliance of banks and fintech. To design the model, the combined theme-factor analysis approach is used and the statistical population of the research is senior managers of Refah Kargaran Bank and managers of fintech companies in Tehran province. The interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method was used to extract the initial model, the partial least square (PLS) method was used to test the initial model, and in the final step, the final model was confirmed and presented. According to the findings of the research, the strategic alliance management model of banks and fintechs includes 8 main themes consisting of characteristics of the macro environment, characteristics of the banking industry environment, characteristics of the competitive environment, characteristics of the internal environment, motives for forming alliances, form Getting a strategic alliance and managing a strategic alliance has 25 sub-themes and 44 concepts. The results of this research can help banks to play a significant role in the effective management of strategic alliances with fintechs.

حقیقی کفاش، مهدی و دهقانان، حامد و جلالی، محسن،1395،شناسایی و اولویت بندی انگیزه های اتحاد بانک ها و بیمه ها در شکل گیری بانک- بیمه ،بیست و سومین همایش ملی و نهمین همایش بین المللی بیمه و توسعه، تهران.
خسروی لقب, زهره, سالارزهی, حبیب اله, مصلح, عبدالمجید, یعقویی, نورمحمد, آرمان, مانی. (1396). بررسی انتقال فناوری به عنوان انگیزه ورود به اتحاد راهبردی فناورانه بین المللی در صنعت نفت. فصلنامه علمی پژوهش های مدیریت راهبردی, 23(67), 39-59.
قائمی محمدرضا، دهقان دهنوی محمدعلی، مرادی نرجس سادات "بررسی وضعیت استارت آپهای بانکی در حوزه خدمات نوین بانکدداری (مطالعه موردی سیستم بانکداری ایران )" فصلنامه علمی_ترویجی اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی، شماره بیستم، پاییز1396، صفحات 119- 139.
شاه حسینی، محمدعلی، کیماسی، مسعود، شامی زنجانی، مهدی، و حقیقی خواه، مریم. (1401). شناسایی عوامل موثر بر همکاری بانک­ها و فین تک ها با استفاده از مرور نظام مند ادبیات علمی. مدیریت بازرگانی، 14(2 )، 199-227.
شفق، احد، دزفولی­نژاد، لیلا، فرصت­ها و تهدیدهای فین­تک برای سیستم بانکی ایران، فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد، مدیریت مالی و حسابداری، دوره 3 شماره 1/2 تابستان 1396، صفحات 202-210.
داوری،علی و رضازاده، آرش (1393). مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با نرم­افزار PLS، سازمان انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی، چاپ دوم.
غلامی,محمد, زنجیردار, مجید, غفاری آشتیانی, پیمان, حاجی, غلامعلی. (1401). ارائه مدلی جهت پیاده‌سازی فین‌تک در صنعت بانکداری کشور ایران. پیشرفت های مالی و سرمایه گذاری ,7 (3) , 46-23.
نجفی، فریبا؛ ایران دوست، منصور؛ سلطان پناه، هیرش؛ شیخ احمدی، امیر ( 1398 ). طراحی الگوی مدیریت ارتباط صنعت بانکداری ایران با فین تک ها و استارتا پهای فین تکی با رویکرد نظریه داده بنیاد. نشریه علمی راهبردهای بازرگانی، 16 (13)، 1-18.
Autio, E., Nambisan, S., Thomas, L. D. W., & Wright, M. (2018). Digital Affordances, Spatial Affordances, and the Genesis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(1), 72–95. doi:10.1002/sej.1266
Brandl, B., & Hornuf, L. (2017). Where did FinTechs come from, and where do they go? The transformation of the financial industry in Germany after digitalization. The Transformation of the Financial Industry in Germany after Digitalization (September 13, 2017). https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2020.00008
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology3(2), 77-101.
Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies. WW Norton & Company. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2014.943094
Büyüközkan, G., Feyzioğlu, O., & Nebol, E. (2008). Selection of the strategic alliance partner in logistics value chain. International Journal of Production Economics113(1), 148-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2007.01.016
Cheng, C. H., & Lin, Y. (2002). Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research, 142(1), 174-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00280-6
Chin, W.W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research, 295 (2), 295-336.
Christensen, C. (2013). The innovator’s dilemma: When New technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.
Das, T. K., & Teng, B. S. (2002). The dynamics of alliance conditions in the alliance development process. Journal of management studies39(5), 725-746.  https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00006
Das, T. K., & Teng, B.S. (1998). Between trust and control: Developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances. Academy of management review, 23(3), 491-512. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926623
Drasch, B. J., Schweizer, A., & Urbach, N. (2018). Integrating the ‘Troublemakers’: A taxonomy for cooperation between banks and fintechs. Journal of Economics and Business100, 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.04.002
Dyer, J. H., Kale, P., & Singh, H. (2001). How to make strategic alliances work. MIT Sloan management review42(4), 37-37.
Erman, C. (2017). Financial technologies effect on financial services from an open innovation perspective.
Fonseca, C., & Meneses, R. (2020). Motivations for Coopetition Strategies between Banks and Fintechs. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence (Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 282-293). DOI: 10.2478/picbe-2020-0027.
Franco, M., & Haase, H. (2015). Interfirm alliances: a taxonomy for SMEs. Long Range Planning48(3), 168-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.08.007
Gomes, E., Barnes, B. R., & Mahmood, T. (2016). A 22 year review of strategic alliance research in the leading management journals. International business review25(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.03.005
Gulati, R. (1998). Alliances and networks. Strategic management journal19(4), 293-317. https://doi.org/10.1002
Habibi, A., Jahantigh, F. F., & Sarafrazi, A. (2015). Fuzzy Delphi Technique for Forecasting and Screening Items. Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 5(2), 130- 143. doi: 10.5958
Holotiuk, F., Klus, M. F., Lohwasser, T. S., & Moormann, J. (2018). Motives to Form Alliances for Digital Innovation: The Case of Banks and Fintechs. In Bled eConference (p. 22). https://doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-170-4.20
Hornuf, L., Klus, M. F., Lohwasser, T. S., & Schwienbacher, A. (2021). How do banks interact with fintech startups?. Small Business Economics, 57, 1505-1526. doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00359-3
Jain, D., & Banwet, D. K. (2013). Modelling critical elements of selection for strategic alliance partner for network managed services using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Journal of Modelling in Management, 8(3), 290-304.  https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-04-2011-0024
Jay D. Wilson, Jr. (2017) .Creating Strategic Value through Financial Technology, Jr.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.(chapter9.pp.133-155).
Klus, M. F., Lohwasser, T. S., Holotiuk, F., & Moormann, J. (2019). Strategic alliances between banks and fintechs for digital innovation: motives to collaborate and types of interaction. Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, 21(1), 1–23.
Jia, K., He, Y., & Mohsin, M. (2023). Digital financial and banking competition network: Evidence from China. Frontiers in Psychology13, 1104120.
Kohtamäki, M., Rabetino, R., & Möller, K. (2018). Alliance capabilities: A systematic review and future research directions. Industrial Marketing Management68, 188-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.10.014
KPMG (2017). The pulse of fintech Q4 2016: Global analysis of investment in Fintech. Retrieved from https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2017/02/ pulse-of-fintech-q4-2016.pdf.
Lee, I. and Shin, Y. J. (2018). Fintech: Ecosystem, business models, investment decisions, and challenges. Business Horizons, 61(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.09.003
Maguire, Moira; Delahunt, Brid (2017), Doing a Thematic Analysis: A Practical, Step-by-Step Guide for Learning and Teaching Scholars, AISHE-J, Volume 8, Number 3, Autumn 2017, pp 3351-3364.
Mohammadi, F., DARABI, R., & Badiei, H. (2024). The Model for Contributing Factors to FinTech Implementation in Banking System of the Country Using the Blended Approach.
O'Dwyer, M., Gilmore, A., & Carson, D. (2011). Strategic alliances as an element of innovative marketing in SMEs. Journal of Strategic Marketing19(01), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2010.537765
Ritala, P. (2012). Coopetition strategy–when is it successful? Empirical evidence on innovation and market performance. British Journal of Management, 23(3), 307-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00741.x
Rusko, R. (2011). Exploring the concept of coopetition: A typology for the strategic moves of the Finnish forest industry. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(2), 311-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.10.002
Solesvik, M. Z., & Westhead, P. (2010). Partner selection for strategic alliances: case study insights from the maritime industry. Industrial Management & Data Systems110(6), 841-860. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571011055081
Wilson Jr, J. D. (2017). Creating strategic value through financial technology. John Wiley & Sons.
Zavolokina, L., Dolata, M., & Schwabe, G. (2016). FinTech–What's in a Name?. ICIS Completed Research Paper.
Barz, L., Lindeque, S., & Hedman, J. (2023). Critical success factors in the FinTech World: A stage model. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications60, 101280.
 
Xi, Z., Chen, W., Guo, X., He, W., Ding, Y., Hong, B., ... & Gui, T. (2023). The rise and potential of large language model based agents: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.07864.